Modification of silica nanoparticles for antibacterial activities: mechanism of action

Document Type : Narrative Review

Authors

1 Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Innovative Science and Technology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Vice-Chancellor, School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala 686 560, India

3 School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala 686 560, India

Abstract

Opening up a new avenue for smart design of nanomaterials by antibacterial agents such as antibiotics, metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), and polymeric materials to achieve high efficiency against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria as a vital affair in the case of chronic bacterial infections specifically diabetic foot ulcer, pneumonia, and pseudomonas infections. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) NPs with a biocompatible and porous surface can be applied as a novel, efficient carriers for loading other antibacterial compounds having low biocompatibility or ineffective antibacterial activity against MDR bacteria. Recently, modification or functionalization of silica NPs by conventional antibiotics, metal/metal oxide NPs and biodegradable polymers have been investigated to increase the bactericidal and mechanical properties for wound dressings and bone cement. However, there is no clear comprehension of the advantages and disadvantages of these drug delivery systems, which this review has tried to address.

Graphical Abstract

Modification of silica nanoparticles for antibacterial activities: mechanism of action

Highlights

  • The mechanism of functionalizing silica NPs is the critical factor to be considered while applying it to physiological conditions.
  • Green approaches to synthesize silica NPs loading antibiotic would be a very effective solution for the silent pandemic of antibiotic resistance.
  • Silica NPs have free silanol groups, which make them amenable for modifications.
  • The porous nature of MSNs contributes to a higher payload of drugs.
  • Surface modification of MSNs by biocompatible polymers such as PEG is more likely to be a suitable strategy.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Open Access

The journal of MNBA is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Volume 1, Issue 1
May 2022
Pages 49-58
  • Receive Date: 26 June 2022
  • Revise Date: 11 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 12 July 2022
  • First Publish Date: 12 July 2022